How the Japanese system works
Compulsory insurance, public or employer-based, that reimburses at source: you only pay your share at the counter. No assigned family doctor, neighbourhood clinics everywhere, and big hospitals reserved for referred cases.
Good to know
- Anyone residing in Japan for more than three months must be insured: through employee insurance if one parent is salaried (premium split half and half with the employer, partner and children attached), otherwise through National Health Insurance (Kokumin kenko hoken), taken out at the ward office and based on household income and size. Source
- With the insurance card, or the My Number card that replaces it, you only pay 30% of the cost of care and medicines at the doctor's or pharmacy counter; a monthly cap, which varies with age and income, lets you recover anything above it. Source
- For children, the remaining share drops to 20% before elementary school, and Tokyo's wards cover it entirely: with the children's medical certificate (iryosho) issued by the ward office, consultations, hospital stays and reimbursable medicines cost nothing until the 31 March following the eighteenth birthday. Source
- You first see a neighbourhood clinic (kurinikku), most often without appointment: paediatrics (shonika) is a community specialty, with a paediatrician a few streets from home. Large hospitals are reserved for referred cases: without a doctor's letter, they charge a non-reimbursed surcharge. Source
- The French state does not cover your health, hospital or repatriation costs in Japan. Many families top up Japanese insurance with the Caisse des Français de l'étranger or private cover, especially to consult at international clinics that do not accept Japanese insurance. Source